Spring is arriving earlier this year, bringing with it increased pollen and seasonal allergies, according to Leslie Baker, Pharm.D., BCGP, director of geriatric pharmacy services at the Sanford Center for Aging. In a statement released on Mar. 27, Baker said that seasonal allergies are common and can have a significant impact on daily life.
Baker recommends that individuals begin taking routine allergy medications two weeks before symptoms typically start. She noted that this year has been particularly challenging because trees and flowers are blooming sooner than usual. Knowing which allergens trigger reactions is important in managing symptoms. For example, sagebrush—Nevada’s state flower—is a frequent cause of hay fever.
Before turning to medication, Baker suggests making small changes in daily habits to reduce exposure to allergens. These include keeping windows closed at home and in vehicles, staying indoors when it is windy, wearing filtered masks outdoors, using air purifiers, washing bedding regularly, showering before bed to remove allergens from skin and hair, vacuuming and dusting frequently, and limiting outdoor activities when pollen counts are high.
For those who need medication for symptom control, Baker recommends starting treatment before severe symptoms develop. Safe over-the-counter options include steroid nasal sprays such as Flonase or Nasonex for regular use; oral antihistamines like Allegra or Claritin for daily relief with minimal drowsiness; antihistamine eye drops such as Zaditor or Pataday for fast relief from itchy eyes (though these should not be used long-term without consulting a doctor); and saline nasal sprays to flush out allergens safely throughout the day.
Baker cautions against prolonged use of decongestant nasal sprays like Afrin beyond three days due to the risk of rebound congestion. She also advises older adults to avoid Benadryl or products containing chlorpheniramine because they can cause drowsiness and other side effects such as cognitive impairment or constipation. People with high blood pressure should steer clear of decongestants labeled “D,” which may increase blood pressure or heart rate.
“When in doubt, speak to a pharmacist,” said Baker.
